TYPE 2 DIABETES markers, including glucose regulation and insulin resistance, improved following treatment with Lactobacillus plantarum LH36 in a mouse model, alongside changes in the gut microbiota and metabolic profiles.
Researchers systematically evaluated the effects of L. plantarum LH36 in mice with type 2 diabetes (T2D) induced using a high fat diet combined with streptozotocin. The analysis incorporated blood physiological measures, histopathological changes, intestinal microbiota sequencing, and non-targeted metabolomics.
Following oral administration of L. plantarum LH36, the researchers observed significant improvements in body weight loss, blood glucose regulation, and insulin resistance. Treatment also reduced blood lipids and alleviated pathological changes affecting the colon and liver.
Gut Microbiota Changes Accompanied Treatment
Analysis of the intestinal microbiota indicated that L. plantarum LH36 reversed structural disruption associated with the type 2 diabetes model. Treatment improved microbial richness, diversity, and evenness, as assessed using the Chao1, Shannon, and Simpson indices.
At the phylum level, treatment increased Bacteroidetes and decreased Firmicutes. At the genus level, disruptions involving Lactobacillus and Butyrobacter were restored following administration of L. plantarum LH36.
These findings indicated that the probiotic’s effects extended beyond glucose regulation, with changes observed across the intestinal microbial environment.
Metabolic Profiles Were Partially Restored
Non-targeted metabolomics provided further evidence that L. plantarum LH36 affected metabolic dysfunction in the type 2 diabetes mouse model. Treatment significantly restored metabolic disturbances and regulated multiple metabolites with diverse functions.
These included several long chain acylcarnitines, diacylglycerols, and pentadecanoic acid. Together with the improvements in insulin resistance, blood lipids, intestinal microbiota, and tissue pathology, these metabolic changes provided potential insight into the mechanisms underlying the observed glucose lowering effects.
The researchers concluded that L. plantarum LH36 showed potential as an adjunct therapeutic approach for type 2 diabetes. However, as the reported findings were obtained from an experimentally induced mouse model, further research would be required to establish whether these effects translate to people living with type 2 diabetes.
Reference
Duan C et al. Exploration of the hypoglycemic effect and mechanism of Lactobacillus plantarum LH36 on type 2 diabetic mice through intestinal flora and non-targeted metabolomics. Food Biosci. 2026;83(1):109593.
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